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Decimal Arithmetic
- Early arithmetic simply used multiples of symbols for tally
systems (Roman numerals evolved this way)
- 5000 year old Egyptian arithmetic developed base ten system
with hieroglyphs for units, tens, hundreds and thousands
- First recorded use of decimal digits 1-9 c. 200 BC
- Positional notation evolved over several centuries
- Zero is a late comer, first appearing in India c. 450 AD,
represented as a dot 1 · 3
- Arabs refined characters to modern (West Arabic or
gobar), as well as developing and document algorithms for
much of the basis of mathematics (773 - 975 AD)
- Indian-Arabian arithmetic promoted by Leonard of Pisa
(Fibonaaci) Liber abbaci completed in 1202 AD.
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